Cascading values by type

Previously we saw how to cascade a value by name. Setting a Name is important because it is used to push a value specified in a CascadingValue into the correct properties in consuming components by matching up their names. Another option is to specify a CascadingValue without specifying a Name, when Blazor encounters a cascading value specified in this way it will inject its value into a component's property if the property meets the following criteria.

1. The property is decorated with a CascadingPropertyAttribute.
2. The [CascadingProperty] does not have a Name specified.
3. The property is of the same Type as set in the CascadingValue (e.g. boolean).
4. The property has a setter.
5. The property is public.

For example, the following CascadingValue will match both CascadingParameter properties in SomeComponent.

<CascadingValue Value=@true>
  <SomeComponent/>
</CascadingValue>

Property1 = @Property1
Property2 = @Property2

@code
{
  [CascadingParameter]
  private bool Property1 { get; set; }

  [CascadingParameter]
  private bool Property2 { get; set; }
}

An unnamed CascadingValue isn't as specific as a CascadingValue that has a Name specified, because every CascadingParameter decorated property with the correct type and no Name will consume the value. In cases where we define a simple .NET type such as a bool or an int it is recommended we use a named parameter, however, sometimes the type of the value is sufficient to identify its purpose; specifying a name would be redundant, and excluding it is therefore a small time saver.

As the recruitment application grows we might end up with multiple cascading parameters, such as:

• bool ViewAnonymizedData
  Indicates if personally-identifying information should be hidden.
• string DateFormat
  Consuming components can use this to format dates in a uniform manner.
• string LanguageCode
  Components could use this to display translated text.

The clear pattern emerging here is that these are all related to a user's preferences. Rather than having Razor mark-up with multiple CascadingValue elements, like this:

<CascadingValue Name="ViewAnonymizedData" Value=@ViewAnonymizedData>
  <CascadingValue Name="DateFormat" Value=@DateFormat>
    <CascadingValue Name="LanguageCode" Value=@LanguageCode>
      (Body goes here)
    </CascadingValue>
  </CascadingValue>
</CascadingValue>

It would make more sense (and take less code) to have a custom class:

public class UserPreferences
{
  public bool ViewAnonymizedData { get; set; }
  public string DateFormat { get; set; }
  public string LanguageCode { get; set; }
}

and then create your Razor mark-up like this:

<CascadingValue Value=@UserPreferences>
</CascadingValue>

Consuming components then only need a single property marked as a [CascadingParameter] rather than three.

@if (!UserPreferences.ViewAnonymizedData)
{
  <div>
    <span>Name</span> @Candidate.Name
  </div>
  <div>
    <span>Date of birth</span> @Candidate.DateOfBirth.ToString(UserPreferences.DateFormat)
  </div>
  <ViewAddress Address=@Candidate.Address/>
}
else
{
  <span>[Anonmymized view]</span>
}

@code
{
  [CascadingParameter]
  private UserPreferences UserPreferences { get; set; }
}

Obviously, this example excludes how to translate the static text based on the UserPreferences.LanguageCode.